doc/efun/call_direct

SYNOPSIS
        unknown call_direct(object ob, string fun, mixed arg, ...)
        unknown call_direct(object *ob, string fun, mixed arg, ...)

DESCRIPTION
        Call a member function <fun> in another object <ob> with 
        argument(s) <arg...>. Result is the value returned from
        the called function (or 0 for non-existing or void functions).

        This efun is a twin to call_other(), with the difference
        being that call_direct() never calls a default method.

        Additionally the efun accepts an array of objects as <ob>: the
        function is called with the same arguments in all the given objects.
        The single results are collected in an array and yield the final
        result.  Array elements can be objects or the names of existing
        objects; destructed objects and 0s will yield a '0' as result, but
        don't cause an error.

        The object(s) can be given directly or via a string (i.e. its
        object_name). If it is given by a string and the object does not
        exist yet, it will be loaded.

        ob->fun(args) and "ob_name"->fun(args) is equivalent to
        call_other(ob, "fun", args). Nowadays the ob_name string can
        also be a variable.

        ob->fun(args) and ob->"fun"(args) are equivalent to
        call_other(ob, "fun", args). ob->(fun)(args) are equivalent
        to call_other(ob, fun, args) where fun is a runtime expression
        returning the function name.

        If ob::fun does not define a publicly accessible function, the
        call_other() will return 0, which is indistinguishable from
        a function returning 0.

        "publicly accessible" means "public" when calling other objects,
        and "public" or "static" when calling this_object(). "private"
        and "protected" function can never be called with call_other().

        The return type of call_other() is 'any' be default. However,
        if your LPC code uses #pragma strict_types, the return type is
        'unknown', and the result of call_other() must be casted to
        the appropriate type before you can use it for anything.


EXAMPLES
        // All the following statements call the lfun QueryProp()
        // in the current player with the argument P_SHORT.
        string str, fun;

        str = (string)call_direct(this_player(), "QueryProp", P_SHORT);
        fun = "QueryProp";
        str = (string)call_direct(this_player(), fun, P_SHORT);

        You have to do explicit type casting because of the unknown
        return type, if you have set #pragma strict_types.

        // This statement calls the lfun short() in all interactive users
        // and stores the collected results in a variable.
        string *s;

        s = (string *)call_direct(users(), "short");


HISTORY
        Introduced in LDMud 3.3.113 with the H_DEFAULT_METHOD hook.
        LDMud 3.2.10 made the call on arrays of objects configurable.
        LDMud 3.5.0 made the call on arrays of objects non-optional.

SEE ALSO
        call_other(E), call_strict(E), call_direct_strict(E),
        call_resolved(E), call_direct_resolved(E), create(A), pragma(LPC),
        extern_call(E), function_exists(E), functions(LPC), map_objects(E)